Questions that have appeared at Microsoft for a Software Engineer (Technical) interview.

1. Data Structures

Question: Can you explain what a Hash Table is and a scenario where it can be useful?

Question: How would you compare and contrast arrays and linked lists?

Question: What is a binary tree and how is it different from a binary search tree?

2. Algorithms

Question: Could you explain the differences between the Breadth-First Search and Depth-First Search algorithms?

Question: Can you explain what a greedy algorithm is and provide an example of a problem it would be well suited to solve?

Question: How does the quicksort algorithm work and in what situations is it most effective?

3. Operating Systems

Question: Can you explain what a deadlock is and how would you prevent it in a multi-threading context?

Question: What are the differences between process and thread in the context of operating systems?

Question: Can you explain the concept of virtual memory and how it's used in modern operating systems?

4. Software Development Principles

Question: Can you explain the principles of Object-Oriented Programming and how they are beneficial in software development?

Question: What do you know about Agile methodology and how does it compare to the Waterfall model?

Question: Can you explain the concept of REST and why it's important in web services?